By Melesha Bailey September is National Prostate Cancer Awareness Month, a disease that affects millions of men and disproportionately impacts Black men. The urgency of this issue is underscored by the fact that black males face a higher risk of developing prostate cancer, being diagnosed at a later stage, and dying from the disease than any other racial group in the United States.Understanding the RiskZero Cancer (Prostate Cancer Foundation) research suggests that “Black men are 1.7x more likely to be diagnosed with, and are 2.1x more likely to die from prostate cancer than white men.” The reasons are complicated and include:
- Genetics involve specific inherited gene mutations, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, which may increase susceptibility due to biological differences.
- Delayed Screening – Limited access to healthcare, lack of awareness, and distrust in the medical system may result in fewer early screenings.
- Aggressive Tumors – Black men are more likely to develop aggressive forms of prostate cancer that grow and spread quickly.
- Social Determinants of Health – income levels, insurance, and resources play a role in timely diagnosis and treatment.
What is Prostate Cancer?The prostate is a small gland, the size of a walnut, that sits below the bladder and in front of the rectum. It produces fluid that protects sperm. Prostate cancer occurs when prostate cells grow uncontrollably and can spread to bones and other organs.Early Detection Saves LivesEarly detection of prostate cancer greatly improves survival rates, with a 99% five-year survival rate when diagnosed early. Your doctor may use a PSA blood test to measure prostate-specific antigen and a Digital Rectal Exam (DRE) to check for lumps or abnormalities.The American Cancer Society recommends that Black men discuss screenings with their doctor at age 45, and even earlier at age 40 if there’s a family history of prostate cancer.Symptoms to Watch ForIn its early stages, there may be no symptoms, which is why screening is critical. Be on the lookout for:
- Difficulty urinating or weak urine flow
- Frequent night urination
- Pain or burning during urination
- Blood in urine or semen
- Pain in the back, hips, or pelvis that doesn’t go away
Options for TreatmentDepending on the stage and aggressiveness, the cancer treatments may include:
- Watchful monitoring (for slow-growing cancers)
- Surgery to remove the prostate
- Radiation therapy
- Hormone therapy
- Chemotherapy or recent targeted treatments
Research has shown that Black men respond well to treatment when the disease is detected early.Breaking the SilenceBlack men have shared their prostate cancer diagnoses, helping to break the silence and encourage early screening. Public figures such as Al Roker, Dwight Eubanks, Jay Harris, Charles D. Neblett, Ernie Hudson, the late Colin Powell, Harry Belafonte, and Sidney Poitier have used their platforms to raise awareness. Their stories remind us that prostate cancer can affect anyone, but early detection offers the best chance for successful treatment.The Bottom LineYour Health, Your ResponsibilityYour health is your legacy. Protect it.
